This paper referred to the massive domestic and foreign technical material , elaborated in the sheet forming value simulation theory essential technology in detail , points out when analysis sheet forming question should use the big distortion ball plasticity fem and introduce the application characteristic and the function summarizes of the sheet forming simulation software dynaform . secondly , analyzed the cover forming characteristic , simultaneously introduced the influence cover forming factor in detail : such as ramming direction , the craft addendum surface and the material pressing surface , the radius of convex - concave mold , draw bead , pressure strength , blank size and craft margin and so on . and simulates many typical automobiles cover panel with software : such lateral board , back taillight pedestal and storage cover 其次,分析了覆蓋件成形的特點和要求,同時詳細介紹了影響覆蓋件成形的因素如沖壓方向、工藝補充面和壓料面、凸凹模圓角、拉延筋、壓邊力、坯料尺寸和工藝切口等,并用數(shù)值模擬軟件對多個典型的汽車覆蓋件汽車后側(cè)圍板、后燈座以及轎車后備箱蓋的沖壓成形情況進行模擬,用模擬結(jié)果優(yōu)化拉延工藝方案,比較了內(nèi)覆蓋件和外覆蓋件在成形特點和要求的一些異同點,以及常見的起皺、拉裂和回彈、成形不足等缺陷的產(chǎn)生機理和相應(yīng)對策,重點介紹工藝補充面和壓料面的設(shè)計及優(yōu)化方法,因為拉延是沖壓工藝的關(guān)鍵工序,而工藝補充面和壓料面的設(shè)計是拉延工序的關(guān)鍵,對消除缺陷至關(guān)重要。